13th century

(12th century - 13th century - 14th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 13th century was that century which lasted from 1201 to 1300. In the history of European culture, this period is considered part of the High Middle Ages.

Events

Fourth through eighth crusades of western European kingdoms against Islam
King John of England forced to sign Magna Carta at Runnymede
Fall of the Hohenstaufen dynasty of Holy Roman Emperors
Genghis Khan, Temujin by birth is claimed "Khan of Khans" by the Mongol tribes.
Mongols under Genghis Khan conquer and rule over most of Asia and Eastern Europe by establishing Mongol Empire
Ogedei Khan establish Mongolian dynasty in China. Some Mongol leaders convert from Tantric Buddhism to Islam.
Marco Polo and his family reach China
James I of Aragon takes control of Balearic Islands and Valencia.
Theravada overtakes Mahayana as the dominant form of Buddhism in Cambodia.
Persian historian Rashid al-Din records eleven Buddhist texts circulating in Arabic translation.
The Thai Kingdom of Sukhothai is established, with Theravada Buddhism as the state religion. Later in the century it vassalises significant parts of modern Thailand, Laos, Burma, and Malaysia.
Norway cedes the Isle of Man to Scotland.
First European universities founded.
The Utiguri Bulgar state on the Volga vanishes from history.
Bantu-speaking peoples arrive in modern Angola, partially displacing the original Khoisan inhabitants.

Significant people

Genghis Khan, founder of Mongol Empire
Alexander of Hales, philosopher and theologian
Albertus Magnus, German philosopher and theologian
Thomas Aquinas, theologian
Francis of Assisi, founder of the Franciscan order
Roger Bacon, Franciscan, philosopher, and scientist
Bonaventure, Franciscan theologian
Petrus Peregrinus, scientist
Robert Grosseteste, English statesman and theologian
Louis IX of France, St. Louis, French king and crusader
Frederick II, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire
Dante, Italian writer
Ramon Llull, Majorcan philosopher
Kublai Khan, Khan ruler, founder of Yuan Dynasty in China
Alexander Nevsky, Grand Prince of Novgorod and Vladimir

Inventions, discoveries, introductions

Decades and years

External links

The Thirteenth: Greatest of Centuries by James J. Walsh, 1907

Category:13th century af:13de eeu ca:Segle XIII cs:13. století da:13. århundrede de:13. Jahrhundert es:Siglo XIII eo:13-a jarcento fr:XIIIe siècle fy:13e ieu hu:13. század ko:13세기 it:XIII secolo lb:13. Joerhonnert nl:13e eeuw ja:13世紀 no:13. århundre pl:XIII wiek pt:Século XIII ro:Secolul XIII ru:XIII век sl:13. stoletje fi:1200-luku sv:1200-talet tr:13. yüzyıl uk:13 століття zh:13世纪

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